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| 1 |
In 1908 General Bogolyubov,in the descriptions to his carpet album,inadvertenly christened one of two main carpets an “Eagle” design.
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| 2 |
The carpets have gone astray,but a year later Neugebauer & Orendi published a further example in black and white.
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| 3-Neugebauer-Orendi,1909- plate 138 (Eagle Group I) |
The Neugebauer piece has suffered palpably over the years,being now reduced to a small number of fragments,which were eventually rescued by Hans Elmby in Denmark.
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| 4-Hali 2-4-340 |
Grote-Hasenbalg bemoaned the lack of available examples in his 1930 Opus. The world had to wait for Joseph McMullan`s collection in 1965 and the first publication of an adequate colour reproduction.
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| 5-McMullan plate 123(Eagle Group I) |
Group I.
This consists of seven examples.Technically,they are distinguished by a first weft of red wool and red silk loosely plied together.The silk/wool mix was presumably dyed together in one vat.The second weft comprises natural coloured undyed brown wool.Knotting is Persian,open to the left,and the pile yarn is invariably 3-ply.
The design layout features three rows of vertical eagle Göls by 4 in the horizontal.
The typical Lotus-Palmette border(for such it is) faces in one direction on four examples,and opposed on three others.
Most Group I carpets have not been spared the injustice of ageing.The Reitlinger is surely one of the most austere Turkmen carpets ever woven.
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| 6-Ashmolean Museum-Hali 32-25 |
The John Phillips piece published in "Turkmen"has survived intact,and illustrates the wildly varying Chroma of these carpets in reproduction.
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7-Turkmen,plate 56
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| 8-Phillips,Hali 3-3-228 |
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| 9-Hoffmeister Collection,88 |
A last example was published by Giuseppe Cohen in 1968
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| 10-Cohen,Il Fascino del Tappeto Orientale,XCV |
Group II.
As with the group I carpets,the second group consists of rows of Eagle Göls aligned between alternating rows of Dyrnak.In the second group the order is reversed,and four vertical rows feature a row of three Göls.Borders display a reversing Lotus Palmette,and in three cases a meander border with simple flower petal and scallops.A wide trefoil border guard is de rigeur.Technically the Group II carpets employ a weft of wool/cotton followed by brown wool.Knotting is Persian open right.The Group II rugs are less finely knotted than the Group I.
16 examples and two fragments are known,of which 9 have appeared at auction.
The much travelled and strangely disfigured example sold at Sothebys in 1980 was auctioned for ￡ 4100 pounds,but on return a year later brought only￡2860.These were still considerable sums at that time.At some point the piece was with Bausback,Mannheim,but re-appeared at Sothebys in 1986(Islamic sale 16.4.1986-Lot 478,estimate ￡1500-2000 result unknown )Its last public appearance was at Sothebys NY on 13 September 1995,where it sold for $14,375
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| 11-Sothebys house-guest has lost 3 rows of dyrnak |
A carpet offered at Sothebys NY in 1984 failed to attract a single bid,despite a low estimate of $5/6000
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| 12-Sothebys NY 1 December 1984-Lot 6 |
An example sold at Rippon Boswell in 1992 achieved the top price for this group.From the Ryder Collins Collection,it had previously been exhibited at the San Francisco ICOC in 1990,and published in the accompanying catalogue(Oriental Rugs in Pacific Collections,Nr.72)It was praised by Hali as BOT,and sold accordingly for $112,035.
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| 13-RB 28 March 1992-Lot 142 |
The following year a carpet later with Herbert Ostler in Munich sold at Nagels for $30,300(23 June 1993-Lot 3195).The carpet was later with Sailer.It is the only example with an intact knotted elem panel, not unlike the missing Bogolubov piece.
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| 14-Ostler,Weltkunst 15 August 1986,page 2174 |
In 1994 and 1995 the German Collector Werner Loges attempted to sell his piece,first at a purpose-built collector sale at Sothebys on 19 October 1994(Lot 23),and then again at Sothebys on 26 April 1995(Lot 117),but with no luck.The carpet eventually sold at Nagels Stuttgart on 27 March 2012(Lot 29) for $17,690
Auction prices have been steadily rising.Sothebys London sold the piece which eventually entered the Wiedersperg Collection on 24 April 1996 for $38,205.It was said by Hali to have had all-cotton wefts,but the Wiedersperg catalogue gives wool/cotton.
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| 15-Wiedersperg 28 |
In the same year Bukowskis in Stockholm auctioned the famed Faberge rug for $48,410.It is remarkable for its pristine condition
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| 16-Bukowskis 29 November 1996-lot 1257 |
More than seven years elapsed until a Group II carpet appeared at Rippon Boswells in 2004,selling for $74,205.The piece had been sourced in England
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| 17-Rippon Boswell 15 May 2004-Lot 74 |
And a further item appearing at the same auction house three years later confirmed that Wiesbaden is the place to sell such things.The carpet had previously been published by Herrmann,and had been shown at the 1985 Munich ICOC.It eventually fetched $42,310 at RB`s on 19 May 2007(Lot 153)
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| 18-Herrmann,SOT 1 |
This section should not be concluded without mention of the Alvin Pearson carpet,chosen by Thompson for the "Turkmen" catalogue
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| 19-Turkmen-60 |
Eagle Group III.
Three more carpets have been consigned to a Group III,but few commentators have felt comfortable with this.They could also be placed in Group I.The first,once with Bausback, was afterwards auctioned at Rippon Boswells on 13 November 1993,Lot 76,for $34,370.
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| 20-RB 1993 |
A second rug from the Wiedersperg Collection was at Skinners in 1983,and then at Christies in 1987,selling for $10,000
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| 21-Wiedersperg 29 |
And a last piece was later assigned to Group I by both Detlef Maltzahn and the Hali APG staff.It sold at Rippon Boswell for $38,700
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| 22-Rippon Boswell 28 May 2011-Lot 139 |
Renegade Rugs.
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| 23-Ballard Collection,MET 22.100.44 |
The Metropolitan Museum`s Ballard Collection rug is justly famous,and was highlighted by Jon Thompson in the 1980 publication "Turkmen"
Thompson traces the design back to an 18th Century Vine-leaf Palmette,but in fact the original is more likely to have been a "Harshang"design carpet
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| 24-The TM`s Vine Leaf Carpet |
The Ballard has evolved from a more mundane example.For clarity`s sake the Toms Collection carpet has been chosen for its pedestrian layout
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| 25-Toms Sale sothebys 7 june 1995-lot 122 |
The design has its origins in Safavid court weavings of the 16th Century,and spread out to the West(NW Persia,Caucasus),and to Khorasan,the presumed home of many Eagle Group weavings
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| 26-Christies 16 December 1994-Lot 92 |
The design of vertical repeats with a central spine featuring Karagashli Göls,Flaming Palmettes(the "Harshang") and Star Medallions was woven up till the late 19th Century.The Christies carpet(above)is a particularly deviant example from the 18th century,whose sharkfin leaf patterns in the border require very little tweaking to morph into C-Göls.The Ballard follows the same pattern with a centralised spine meeting in an addorsed vase pattern,possibly influenced by a very old Turkish carpet,now in the TIEM,Istanbul
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| 27 |
The Ballard carpet is a team member of a whole group of Yomut carpets in an archaic style with multi Göls.
Whereas the Ballard is a recognisable Yomut entity(Turkish knotted,for instance)the carpet published by Ulrich Schürmann (and later by Herrmann) is moving clearly direction Eagle I.It bears the scalloped vase Göl common to all three carpets under discussion
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| 28-SOT 3-93 |
but any semblance of Turkmen order has gone under in a Harshang Jungle(perhaps jumble would be more accurate)Neither vertically nor horizontally does it make much sense.Persian Knotted open left,weft 2 ply white and brown wool.
The third example with Vase-Harshang Göl is the illustrious Hecksher carpet,sold at Sothebys London on the 26 April 1995(Lot 89)for $58,870
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| 29 |
This thoroughly un-Turkmen-like rug has a diagonal pattern with Vase-Harshang and addorsed birds taken from a group of Caucasian carpets
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| 30-Christies 4 October 2011-Lot 75 |
The above sold for $92,000(formerly U.Schürmann).Another example,from the Orient Stars Collection,was sold at Sothebys NY for $ 33,600
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| 31-Sothebys NY 16 December 2005-lot 87 |
It had also spent time at Sothebys in 1981,and later at Rippon Boswell,Sothebys in 2010,and finally Freemans in 2012.
A third example,also once with Ulrich Schürmann,has a striking red ground
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| 32-Schürmann |
Whereas the Caucasian examples are brilliant pieces of design,the Hecksher carpet is another heroic failure whose single elements float vainly without internal cohesion.
As Dennis Woodman noted(Hali 81,page 121)one of the Hecksher Göls also occurs on a Kordi rug attributed to the Darreh Gaz Kurds of Khorasan
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| 33 |
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| 34-W.Stanzer,Kordi-plate 73 |
Writing in Hali 156,Peter Pouladda christened the Göl a "Polymorphic double motif"and drew up a group of khorasan Turkmen carpets with this design as the main Göl.Most prominent is the "Mehdi" carpet with a Hebrew dating of 1660.It is of course a late 19th Century carpet
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| 35 |
Of note is an Eagle I design carpet published by Eiland in 1973
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| 36-Eiland,Western Collections 31 |
Two further carpets have been traditionally associated with the Eagle Group
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| 37-The Pfatschbacher carpet |
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| 38-Bausback-Herrmann-Austria |
The Pfatschbacher carpet,first published by Ulrich Schürmann in CAR,invariably comes off a close second in the literature,although Hali felt it was the better piece(Hali 49-88)exacter than the second example, often considered the more "spontaneous" of the two.Both carpets are Persian knotted, open left;the first rug has all-wool structure(brown and beige)the second has wool and white cotton.Both carpets are more coarsely knotted than any of the Eagle Group.They both employ a kind of squarish C-Göl with characteristic fins,and a second,equally large Göl which also occurs on the Ballard carpet.This shield type design has small Holbein-like corner cusps.On the Pfatschbacher a strange and unknown Göl makes a one-time appearance in the first row.White stepped Polygons function as minor Göls.In the first rug they vary in size between field and Göl-centre;in the second carpet they are the same size.This alters the look of both carpets in a significant way.The Pfatschbacher combines the two border types of the Eagle II Group.The second carpet was sold at Rippon Boswell`s on 18 November 1989,Lot 118,for $50,394.Both rugs have more to do with the Archaic Poly-Gol Yomut Group,and the C-Göl carpets,than with the Eagles.
Peter Hoffmeister has published an interesting carpet in the catalogue of his collection
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| 39-Hoffmeister 87 |
It shares the structure of an Eagle I with the design layout of an Eagle II(unless it has been cut and joined,not just in the field,but also at both ends of the field)
A carpet once in the possession of the English Collector Hartley Clarke was eventually sold at Rippon Boswell`s in 2004(15 May,Lot 95)for $34,250.Its chequered history can be read in Hali 136-118.
Clarke published the rug in his 1922 handbook.Devoid of Eagles,it has the structure of a Group II.
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| 40-Hartley Clarke 1922,page 99 |
The Yomut carpet published by E.Herrmann in SOT VII,plate 77 is a Turkish-knotted version mixing elements of the Eagle I and II field layouts
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| 41-SOT VII-77 |
Last but not least a fragment illustrated by George O`Bannon with Group I design, Group III structure and an unknown Main Göl interior.
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| 42-Millberg Collection |
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| 43-Mike Isberian |
THE ASMALYKS
Clear favourites for inclusion are the two pieces,presumably a pair,which surfaced at Rippon Boswell`s on 11 May 1991
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| 44-Rippon Boswell 11 May 1991-Lot 127 |
They brought 14 and 12,000 DM respectively at auction.They were designated as Group II,with Persian Knot to the right and a mix of cotton/wool in the weft.The Stand-Alone Kotchanaks at the apex are typical,as is the hour-glass amulette border,also featured in a group of Demi-Göl Torbas.
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| 45-Pinner Sale RB 15-May 2004-Lot 59 |
Robert Pinner`s piece has the standard trefoil border and an Eagle II structure.It sold for a derisory 4600 euro in Wiesbaden.
Earlier in 1991,Thomas Baker published an asmalyk which had come via Edelman in 1991,and Raymond Benardout in 1978
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| 46-Oriental Rug Review-XI-6-55 |
Structurally a Group II,but with cramped drawing.Much better is an asmalyk from the Loges book,which is however Turkish-knotted
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| 47-Loges Plate 45 |
A further three Eagle Asmalyks were sold at Rippon-Boswell`s with the "Adler"certificate
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| 48-RB 18 November 2000-Lot 30 |
This had been published in the July 1996 issue of Hali(Nr.87-page 129)by Ronnie Newman.According to Hali(115-150)it sold for $ 7800,but was not listed in the official results.In 2009 another example appeared at Rippon-Boswell
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| 49-RB 23 May 2009-Lot 13 |
This has a companion in the Berlin Islamic Museum,donated by Irmgard Bidder,wife of the collector Hans Bidder.It sold for 2440 euro.A last item was bought in in Wiesbaden against an estimate of 9000 euro.
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| 50-RB 28 May 2011-Lot 199 |
The last two pieces show the decline in this end of the market.Robert Pinner`s rug starts to look like a huge bargain.Note that all the pieces shown here are Group II-a Group I eagle asmalyk has not yet appeared.There are many pretenders to the Eagle throne,epecially amongst the smaller weavings,where Falkens,Owls, Sparrows,and even Budgerigars and Parrots have been palmed off as Eagles.Many pieces are impossible to identify without technical information.Here is a selection of candidates
Chuvals.
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| 51-Courtesy of George Gilmore |
Another two 9 Göl Chuvals have been attributed
HCS+41.jpg) |
| 52-Sienknecht Collection 41 |
The above has a Persian knot right,and is described as "Adler 2".Unfortunately the weft descriptions are missing throughout the book.
The above with a Persian Knot right,and a weft of wool and cotton,seems to be a likely candidate,but is otherwise atypical.
The Gilmore Chuval is a welcome new discovery
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| 53-George Gilmore |
A 16-Göl Group has been tentatively outlined by Hans Sienknecht.However,as these pieces only appear in his own catalogue,and at least one has been defined elsewhere as Tekke,the attribution is conjectural
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| 54-HCS Collection-43 |
This choval was published in the Thompson Sale catalogue as Tekke(Sothebys 16.12.1993-plate 17).A question-mark accompanies the HCS description.
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| 55-HCS-45 |
The above described as Eagle 2,with persian Knot open right,but no weft analysis.The Hour-Glass border and brownish ground look promising.
The varying attributions here seem non-relevant.More importantly,the carpets are 100% knotted,without any flatwoven bands in the field.This is also a great speciality of the Tekke,of which at least 6 examples are known.
Another type of Chuval sharing a common design with the Tekke has oval Göls and an hourglass border
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| 61-HCS Collection-44 |
Herr Sienknecht`s example is a venerable representative of this group,although he also shows a cut Tekke version with a very similar Gestalt
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| 62-HCS Collection 85 |
Sari of Karlsruhe also offered a very similar item,with what look like traces of white cotton weft in the exposed zone
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| 63-Sari |
A related batch of trappings features an ovoid Göl with scalloped Eli Belindes
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| 64-HCS Collection 46 |
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| 65-Haji Baba Collection-41 |
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| 66-New England Rug Society |
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| 67-Turkmen 59 |
A distinguished family of trappings are the Diamond Göl group.They come in groups of one,two and three full rows
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| 68-ATT 5-97C |
Mr.Herrmann rarely published fragments
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| 69-Rob van Wieringen |
The above from a Dutch dealer later went to Motamedi in Hamburg.
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| 70-Haliden |
The latest of the "two full rows"type was purchased at a small English country auction by the intrepid rugonauts at Haliden.See the APG in Hali 171-124.
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| 71-HCS 50 |
Sold at the same Sothebys auction as the cut two-row fragment above,this was described by H-C Sienknect as Eagle I-?.It is Persian knotted left with depressed warps.Back in May 1984 it fetched $7,700 in an after-sale deal,and later passed to Udo Langauer.
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| 72-Bausback-75,page 194 |
This cut fragment has lost two rows in the width.It sold at Nagels on 16 May 2000(Lot 132)for $10,955,and was published afterwards by Bausback.Nagels gives Persian knot,left;Bausback Persian knot right;Hali APG (112-152)Eagle I.Brown woolen wefts.
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| 73-ATT 2-60 |
Published by Eberhart Herrmann who gives Persian knot left,with two brown wefts.
The "Diamond Göl"design had a second life in a group of carpets probably made in Northern Afghanistan by the Sakar Turkmen(see Klieber page 172)These have lately attracted some attention since a piece from the Menzel Collection(see Loges 107)sold at Rippon Boswell`s
for $4,075
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| 74-RB 26 November 2011-Lot 11 |
An item from the Dudin collection is more successful
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| 75-ORR 11-12-1990,page 92 |
One last item published by Jon Thompson in "Timbuktu"may or may not belong.There is no tech info available.However it is quite "finely brown"
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| 76-Timbuktu 34 |
The Torbas
There are four type of eagle torbas,with Aksu,Memling,Palmette and Peacock designs.The Aksu Group are the most common,with 27 examples on view here.For ease of reference they have been divided by ascending rows.
5 Rows
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| 77-Sothebys NY 25.11.08-Lot 86 |
The above was previously with Ronnie Newman and sold at Sothebys for $23,750.According to Sothebys it had all-cotton wefting
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| 78-Ronnie Newman |
A second 5 row example showed up at the Dorotheum
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| 79-Dorotheum 14.09.2010-70b |
where it sold(together with another torba)for 1500 euro.
6 Rows
The Julian Homer piece sold at Christies in 1989 for $5,350
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| 80-Christies 8 April 1989-Lot 126 |
It was eventually re-auctioned at Rippon Boswells on 19 May 2007(Lot 41)for $12,205
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| 81-Turkmen 58 |
The above from the Howard Risvold Collection features a minor guard more usually found on some main carpets.Brown woolen wefts.
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| 82-Thatcher |
From the collection of Amos Thatcher,plate 8.
Not surprisingly,the models with 7 rows are the most common.9 examples are shown here
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| 83-Lefevre 10-83 |
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| 84-Atlantic Collections 213 |
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| 85-Atlantic Collections 214 |
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| 86-Washington ICOC 20 |
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| 87-Ronnie Newman |
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| 88-Thompson 52 |
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| 89-Nagels 11 November 1995-Lot 1184 |
8 Rows
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| 90-Eskenazi 272 |
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| 91-Lefevre March 1983 |
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| 92-Grote Hasenbalg III-91 |
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| 93-Rippon Boswell 10 November 1984-84 |
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| 94-Turkmenhaly 38 |
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| 95-Rugs of the Inner Circle |
9 Rows
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| 96-After Rossetti |
Sold at Nagels on 13 October 1990-Lot 432-for 8500 DM
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| 97-Christies |
Sold at Christies 22 January 1991(Lot 25)-estimate $2000-3000.Sold for $1950.
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| 98-RB 2005 |
Sold at Rippon Boswells 28 May 2005(Lot 42) for $13,555.
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| 99-Grogans |
Sold at Grogans 12 January 2009(Lot 51) for $10,925.
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| 100-Elmby |
The pair published by Hans Elmby in his second catalogue(28)and now in the Hoffmeister Collection(89)
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| 101-Hans-Christian Sienknecht Collection-49 |
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| 102-Alan Marcuson Hali 2-4-272 |
There are some very beautiful panels with the Memling Göl design,but their origins are uncertain.
A piece in the Dudin collection looks promising
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| 103-Dudin |
Another from Moshkowa surely fits
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| 104-Moshkowa(O`Bannon) 102 |
Hans Sienknecht was not sure about his Adler proposal,which is depressed warp open to the right
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| 105-HCS Collection 53 |
Another piece with the same rare border has been exhibited
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| 106 |
Then there are a group of "Yomut" weavings which may or may not belong,first and foremost being the Jon Thompson piece
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| 107-Thompson |
Sold on 16 December 1993(Lot 48) at Sothebys NY for $10,925.
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| 108-Benardout |
The above formerly with Raymond Benardout,and subsequently sold at Sothebys NY on 4 June 1988(Lot 94) for $5500.Could be the pair to the Thompson.
A third example with Thomas Cole
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| 109-Thomas Cole,Imprints,plate 8 |
Winged Palmette Design.
An exquisite group of torbas,5 in number,with a design similar to that seen on the Elems of the 9-Gol Eagle Chuvals
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| 110-Loges 55 |
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| 111-Budapest,from:Ledacs,Nr.55 |
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| 112-Zia Bozoglu |
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| 113-Hoffmeister Collection-136 |
great was the outcry when a similar design was discovered on the elem of Michael Grogan`s Salor Ensi
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| 114-Grogans 22 May 2011-Lot 805 |
Even more surprising was the appearance of an Ersari version at Rippon-Boswell`s in 2000
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| 115-RB 18 November 2000-Lot 37 |
Especially considering that the same sale also contained a real Eagle torba with this design
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| 116-RB 55-37 |
The above selling for $8,315.
A carpet,split into two fragments,is also known
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| 117-Stockholm ICOC |
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| 118-Sari,Karlsruhe |
The Ersari group with Eagle design numbers at least 5 pieces.H-C Sienknecht has one,via Christies,and another is in the Victoria & Albert Museum,London.
Even more rarified are a group of torbas and Kapunuks with an Avian-Octagon design,named here the Peacock Group
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| 119-Hoffmeister Collection plate 135 |
The above first surfaced at Sothebys in 1988,and was sold for $28,600.Later with Jim Blackmon,it is now in the Hoffmeister Collection.
A second example was published in the "Turkmen"Catalogue,from the Gilbert Collection
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| 120-Turkmen-57 |
third example appeared in the Milan ICOC catalogue of 1999
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| 121-Sovrani,113 |
A fourth torba appeared at the English Auctioneers Locke & England in 2011,and was sold for $26,650.It later appeared at the Stockholm ICOC with Motamedi of Hamburg.
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| 122-Motamedi |
A last example in Kapunuk form was published in the O`Bannon translation of Moshkova,plate 109,and is now in the museum in Ashkabad
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| 123-Ashkabad |
Trappings.
A group of jollars,24 in number, functioned as bags or trappings.
These are long narrow bags,larger than conventional torbas.Again the proximity to the Tekke orbit is clear.
The pieces all feature a "Demi-Göl" design,suggesting an infinite repeat.They can be divided by border into 3 Groups.The most common is an Ersari-like 4 Leaf Clover design.
An early mention in Hali of the Eagle Göl Group was a description of Julian Homer`s piece,sold at his Christies Sale on 8 April 1989(Hali 45-84)
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| 124-Christies |
The Homer piece sold for $15,950,but the price was topped two years later at Wiesbaden
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| 125-Rippon Boswell 16 November 1991-Lot 108 |
Selling for $17,510,the rug was later exhibited by Nomadic Rug Traders in Australia.
Failing to sell at Rippon Boswell on the 15th May 2004,the following was re-auctioned at Wiesbaden on 20 May 2006((Lot 36) for just 3800 euro
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| 126 |
In the 2004 catalogue the secondary motif was christened the "Satellite Göl".Apart from their larger size and different borders,this Göl is the obvious difference between the Eagle and the Tekke models,which employ a chemche as secondary
A second group with Kotchak border comprises 4 examples
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| 127-Hoffmeister 137 |
From the Thompson Sale via Hans Elmby,and twice at Sothebys before selling on 11 June 2002(Lot 34)for $13,835.
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| 128-Langauer Hali 168 |
From Udo Langauer
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| 129-HCS 48 |
First published by Herrmann in SOT 8(102a),and offered at his show in 1986 for 32,000 DM,this later entered the Sienknecht collection and then passed to Kurt Muncasi(Timbuktu 35)
Two pieces are known with a curled-leaf border
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| 130-ORR 10-3-22 |
Erich Menzel`s Eagle II torba has a border seen on some Tekke 6 Göl pieces
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| 131-Gewebt & Geknüpft 1-3-23 |
A piece published by Jon Terry in Hali 103,although not a fastidious Eagle,is nevertheless a real heart-thumper
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| 132-Arabatchi-Persian knotted left? |
Four other pieces do not quite fit into the above categories,although the item sold at Sothebys in 2010-for $23,750-does have the Swastika border,but without the Kotchaks
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| 133-Sothebys 7 December 2010-Lot 53 |
Meanwhile over at Ashkabad Mrs Moshkova`s torba has a classic Yomut border
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| 134-Moshkowa(O `Bannon)-112-Ashkabad Museum |
Robert Pinner`s example sold at Rippon Boswell for 7300 euro.It has main carpet borders and two interesting quincunx ornaments on both lower corners
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| 135-Rippon Boswell,Pinner Sale 15 May 2004-Lot 61 |
The fourth rug is in the deYoung Museum San Francisco as a gift from George & Marie Hecksher.It was inexplicably described as a "mafrash" by Peter Poullada in his Hali 143 article,although it measures 120 x 46 cms
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| 136-Hali 143-79 |
A group of rugs with "classic" Turkmen Göls rounds off this section
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| 137-Rippon Boswell 15 May 2004-Lot 112 |
Said to have languored in a Leipzig Collection for many years,this sold on the day for $68,500.Assigned to either Group I or III,Hali described it as woven without a back,although Detlef Maltzahn`s catalogue entry reports the opposite.In mint condition.
Sold in 2008 at the same auction house for $40,800
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| 138-Rippon Boswell 24 May 2008-Lot 128 |
A torba at the Robert Pinner sale had no cut Göls,but was Persian knotted right and ascribed Eagle II.It sold for 5000 euro
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| 139-Rippon Boswell,Pinner Sale,15 May 2004-Lot 92 |
Its rare border can be seen on the Sienknecht and Dudin Memling Göl Eagle torbas,as well as on a Saryk torba sold at Skinners,which also sported-coincidentally?-a Memling Göl
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| 140-Skinners 23 April 1994-Lot 31 |
The English dealer David Reuben attributed his example to Eagle II
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| 141-Reuben-Göls and Guls II-43 |
A rug published by Adraskand lately re-appeared in the possession of Ronnie Newman
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| 142-Hali 28 |
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| 143-Ronnie Newman |
Hans Elmby`s quaint fragment boasts two full and two half-Göls,attributed to Eagle II
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| 144-Elmby II-30 |
A piece from Michael Franses with peikam border concludes this section
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| 145-Hali 2-4-page 65 |
Tentbands.
Some readers may have become aware of the Eagle Tentbands in an advertisement from Mark Keshishian in Hali 6/1-12,back in 1983.It is a classic example displaying the bland nobility of the Group
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| 146-Keshishian |
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| 147-HCS Collection |
Radial designs in panels distinguish the Group as a whole,plus the use of silk wefting.
A piece from the Azadi Collection sold at Rippon Boswell on 11 May 2002 for $16,235,but failed to find a buyer on its return on November 2008
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| 148-Rippon Boswell |
The same auction house offered a further example on 5 December 2009,which had previously been exhibited at the TM and published by Richard Isaacson in the accompanying catalogue
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| 149-Ghereh 48-73 |
selling for 19,520 euro.
Another example surfaced at the Dorotheum in 2010
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| 150-14.09.2010-Lot 28 |
The above selling for 7500 euro.
No Ensis are known,but an ideal model might look like this
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| 151-HCS 84 |
the above purchased at Nagels on 17 October 1992-Lot 2191 for $8,950
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| 152-Hali 164-115 |
Whoever the Eagle makers were,the best of their work is on par with the most exalted of Turkmen productions.They were able to invent their own vocabulary,based on what is surely a kind of Tekkified Yomut,and were aware of other artistic movements in the Turkmen world. Some creations are uniquely their own,including the Eagle Göl itself,the Bird-Octagon Göl with its Anatolian atavism,and the Diamond Göl Trappings.The lack of any assignable Ensi is perhaps an indicator of their more urban origins.
Why did General Bogolubov instinctively associate the Main carpet Göl with a spread-eagle?He was surely thinking of the Russian symbol of state,the double-headed eagle,which entered Russia during the 15th century via the Byzantines.The Seljuk Turks incorporated the symbol into their Heraldic world fom the 11th century onwards.It has been a powerful image since Millenia.
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| 153 |
Bogolyubov-Carpets of Central Asia
Cole,Tom-Imprints
Elmby,Hans-Antique Turkmen Carpets I-V
Grote-Hasenbalg,Werner-Der Orientteppich
Hali 112-79-Eagle Göl Carpets
Hali 155-59-The Dyrnak Motif,by David Reuben
Hali 156-54-Qizilbash from Khorasan,by Peter Poullada
ICOC-Pacific & Atlantic Collections
Isaacson,Richard,Architectural Textiles(Tent Bands)
Klieber,Helmut-Turkestan
Loges,Werner-Turkmenische Teppiche
Moshkova,trans. George O `Bannon
McMullan-Islamic Carpets
Neugebauer & Orendi-Handbuch der Orientalischen Teppichkunde
Oriental Rug Review,XI-6-48- Ned Long and George O `Bannon review the
Pinner & Eiland-Between the Black Desert and the Red-the Wiedersperg Collection
Reuben,David-Gols and Guls II
Rossetti,Brigitte-Die Turkmenen
Rippon Boswell,Wiesbaden,15 May 2004-The Pinner Sale
Schürmann,Ulrich-Central Asian Rugs
Sienknecht Collection-Sammlung HCS-Hodenhagen 1997
Sothebys New York,Thompson Sale 16 December 1993
Sothebys-Loges Sale,London 19th October 1994
Thompson,Jon,and Mackie,Louise-Turkmen
Thompson-Timbuktu to Tibet
Tsareva,Elena-Turkmen Carpets,the Hoffmeister Collection
Turkmenhaly-Ashgabat Museum 2006
HCS+41.jpg)
